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Objective:To evaluate any effect of transcranial pulsed current stimulation (tPCS) on the motor functioning of rats modelling stroke using the Catwalk gait analysis system.Methods:A stroke model was induced in 24 rats using middle cerebral artery embolization. They were then randomly divided into a sham operation group, a model group and a tPCS group, each of 8. Neurological deficit scores were assigned 1 day after the modeling. Beginning two days after the modeling the tPCS group was given 20 minutes of tPCS daily with an intensity of 0.2mA at 10Hz for 7 days. Gait data were collected using the Catwalk gait system 1 day before, as well as 1 and 9 days after the modeling.Results:Nine days after the modeling the average Bederson neuroethology score of the tPCS group was significantly lower than one day after the modelling and significantly lower than the model group′s average. One day after the modelling significant differences were observed in the model and tPCS groups in the average contact area of the affected limb′s paw prints, limb swing speed, stride length, limb speed, swing time, average running speed and standing time compared with before the operation. After nine days the average standing time on the affected fore and hind limbs, as well as the paw contact areas were significantly better in the tPCS group than in the model group.Conclusion:tPCS can promote improvements in gait after ischemia and reperfusion, at least in rats.
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Diabetic bladder dysfunction is one of the most common complications of urinary tract in diabetes. It is believed that the disorders of glucose metabolism, local tissue ischemia, superoxide-induced free radical production and axonal transport disorder are all involved in the development of diabetic bladder nerve dysfunction. Oxidative stress is believed to be the core mechanism of the above mentioned etiology. It may affect the transcription and translation process in the nucleus by interfering with the balance of intracellular oxidation and antioxidant, metabolism of neurotrophic factors and cellular signal transduction pathways, resulting in dysfunction of several important cellular pathways and decreased membrane stability. And eventually lead to nerve cell apoptosis. Therefore, controlling blood glucose, improving the microenvironment around dorsal root neurons, and protecting the stability of mitochondrial membrane may be potential methods for the treatment of diabetic bladder nerve dysfunction.
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Objective To compare the outcomes between interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS)patients treated with three-drug combination (M blockers + alpha blockers + Amitriptyline) and Sodium hyaluronate intravesical instillation.Methods The patients who came to Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University during October 2014 to September 2015 were investigated if they had IC/BPS.According to the treatment plan,27 patients (group A) received three-drug combination (M blocker + alpha blockers + Amitriptyline)therapy.Thirty-eight patients recelved instillation of sodium hyaluronate (40 mg/50 ml) therapy (group B).Intravesical instillations were performed weekly in the first 6 weeks,and monthly until sixth month.Interstitial cystitis symptom index,interstitial cystitis problem index,overactive bladder symptom score,visual analogue scale/score,the maximum urination and self-rating depression scale were assessed at baseline and the sixth month.Measurement data were expressed as ((x) ±s),t test was used for comparison between groups,and paired t-test was used for comparison of paired data.Results There were 65 patients.Age range was 25-73 years,course of disease (2-99 months),average age (51.4 ± 13.5),average duration (39.8 ± 31.0) months,of which 9 male (13.8％) and 56 female (86.2％) patients.The group A variation of ICSI、ICPI、OABSS、VAS、SDS and maximum urination were 3.7 ± 2.4、1.3 ± 1.5、1.2 ± 1.3、2.1 ± 1.5、3.1 ± 4.5、74.6 ± 52.4,The variation of group B ware 6.8 ± 3.6、5.0 ± 3.8、2.5 ± 1.8、2.8 ± 1.7、8.9 ± 6.4、109.0 ± 81.1.The improvement in ICSI,ICPI,OABSS,SDS of group B were higher than group A (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion IC/BPS seriously affect the quality of life and the patients are prone to depression.The sodium hyaluronate intravesical instillation therapy could achieve more effect than the three-drug combination therapy.
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Objective To explore the effect of action verb processing on the excitability of the motor cortex and any effect on the upper limb motor function of stroke survivors.Methods Experiment 1:The motor evoked potential by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS-MEP) was measured while 18 healthy subjects were processing concrete action verbs or abstract verbs.Experiment 2:Eight hemiplegic stroke survivors were asked to read silently text describing concrete hand actions,and then repeat and explain the meaning of the action verbs used in the text.This was repeated for 30 minutes per day,5 days per week for 3 weeks.In the 2nd week the same training was conducted except that the text was about abstract verbs.The modified Ashworth scale (MAS),Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA),the Hong Kong version of the functional test for a hemiplegic upper extremity (FTHUE-HK) and a simple test for evaluating hand function (STEF) were used to assess upper limb motor function before and after the training each week.Results Experiment 1:Processing the concrete action verbs induced significantly greater MEP than processing the abstract verbs.Experiment 2:The average FMA and STEF ratings improved significantly after the training each week.Training with the concrete action verbs resulted in significantly better FMA and STEF scores than with the abstract verbs.The average MAS score increased significantly week by week.There was significantly more improvement in the average FTHUE-HK rating after the 1st and 3rd week of training than after the 2nd week.Conclusion Action verb processing induces greater motor cortex excitation than abstract verb processing among healthy subjects and better improves the upper limb motor function of stroke survivors.
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Diabetic cystopathy is one of the most common complications caused by diabetes in urinary system.There were no obvious clinical manifestations in the early stage of the disease.With the progress of the disease, various complicated lower urinary tract symptoms appeared gradually.All these clinical manifestations cause grate trouble in the health and the quality of life of patients.However, its pathogenesis is not clear, myogenic and neurogenic is the main theory of its pathogenesis.Some studies indicate that long-term consumption of caffeine can reduce the incidence of it, and this article will discuss the cause of this disease and the treatment of caffeine in order to guide clinical practice.
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60 years old,serious foundation disease,abuse application of broadspectrum antibiotics,hormones,chemotherapy and radiotherapy,invasive operations,and so on.CONCLUSIONS We should pay atteution to nosocomial fungal infections and prevent and control them effectively by strengthening the detection of the fungus and antifungus therapy.